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Most beautiful city of the country well connected
to all international airports where people are friendly and facilities
are comparable to any metropolitan city of the world. Jaipur pronunciation (help·info) (Hindi: जयपुर), also popularly known as the Pink City, is the capital of Rajasthan state, India. Historically rendered as Jeypore, the city is also the capital of Jaipur District. Jaipur is the former capital of the princely state of Jaipur. Founded in 1727 by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II, the ruler of Amber. By 2003, after only 276 years, the population had reached approximately 2.7 million. Built of pink stucco in imitation of sandstone, the city is remarkable among pre-modern Indian cities for the width and regularity of its streets which are laid out into six quarters separated by broad streets 111 ft (34 m) wide. The urban quarters are further divided by networks of gridded streets. Five quarters wrap around the east, south, and west sides of a central palace quarter, with a sixth quarter immediately to the east. The Palace quarter encloses a sprawling palace complex (the Hawa Mahal, or palace of winds), formal gardens, and a small lake. Nahargarh Fort crowns the hill in the northwest corner of the old city. Another noteworthy building is Sawai Jai Singh's observatory, Jantar Mantar. With its rich and colourful past, resplendent with tales of valour and bravery, Jaipur is now one of the most important heritage cities in India, and is a must-see for tourists coming to India. |
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Time zone
IST (UTC+5:30)
Area - Elevation 200.4 kmē (77 sq mi) - 431 m (1,414 ft) Population - Density 3,324,319 (2005) - 16,588/kmē (42,963/sq mi) Codes - Pincode 3020 xx - Telephone +0141 - UN/LOCODE INJAI - Vehicle RJ-14 |
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History | |
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City was established in 1727 by maharaja Jai Singh
II as a new capital of Kachwaha dynasty (Dhundhar region). Then the
capital was shifted from the historical capital Amber. In the 19th century the city grew rapidly and became prosperous; by 1900 it had a population of 160,000. The city's wide boulevards were paved and lit with gas. The city had several hospitals. Its chief industries were in metals and marble, fostered by a school of art founded in 1868. The city also had three colleges, including a Sanskrit college (1865) and a girls' school (1867) initiated under the reign of the enigmatic Maharaja Sawai Ram Singh II. There was also a wealthy and enterprising community of native bankers, particularly the Jains and the Marwaris. The city has a vibrant and healthy Muslim population. |
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Architecture | |
| Jaipur is considered by many urbanists to be one of the best planned cities. Almost all Northern Indian towns of that period presented a chaotic picture of narrow twisting lanes, a confusion of run-down forts/temples/palaces and temporary shacks that bore no resemblance at all to the principles set out in Hindu architectural manuals, which calls for strict geometric planning. Thus, for Sawai Jai Singh II and the Bengali Guru Vidyadhar (who was a 'Shaspati' - Hindu Priest Architect), the founding of Jaipur was also a ritual and a golden opportunity to plan a whole town according to the principles of Hindu architectural theory. The town of Jaipur is in fact, built in the form of a nine-part Mandala known as the 'Pithapada'. Nine signifies the nine planets of the ancient astrological zodiac. It is also known that Sawai Jai Singh II was a great astronomer and a town planner and hence the 'Pithapada'. Also, the commercial shops designed are multiples of nine (27) and then having one cross street for a planet. | ||
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Geography | |
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Jaipur is located at 26.92° N 75.82° E.[1] It has
an average elevation of 432 metres (1417 feet). Nahargarh Fort is a famous landmark in JaipurThe district is situated in the eastern part of Rajasthan. It is bound in the north by Sikar and Alwar, in South by Tonk, Ajmer and Sawai Madhopur. Nagaur, Sikar and Ajmer in the west and in east by Bharatpur and Dausa districts. |
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Distance from major cities | |
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Delhi-265 km Ahmedabad-625 km Chandigarh-510 km Mumbai-1,176 km Calcutta-1,472 km Agra-246 km Kota-245 km Ajmer-124 km Pushkar-138 km |
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Climate | |
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Jaipur has a semi-arid climate in spite of
receiving more than 50 cm rainfall annually, as the rainfall is
concentrated in the monsoon months between June and September. This
is due to its proximity to the Thar desert. The highest recorded
temperature ever was 45°C, while the lowest ever was 1°C[2]. |
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Infrastructure | |
| Lakshmi-Narayan Temple, Modern infrastructural facilities are currently fast developing, and in many cases surpass those of larger cities like Delhi and Calcutta. It is expanding very quickly and has become a hot spot for development in Rajasthan. Jaipur has an airport but is currently not equipped to handle heavy traffic including traffic from international locations (although flights to some international destinations are available). | ||
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Road Transport Jaipur city is the capital of the state of Rajasthan and is centrally located. The National Highway No.8 links Delhi to Ahmedabad and No.11, linking Bikaner to Agra passes through Jaipur district to a total length of 366 km. The total length of different types of roads in the district was about 4,102 km as of March 2000. |
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Rail Transport Jaipur is very well connected by rail with all major cities and towns in India. Jaipur is connected on the broad-gauge and meter gauge network of the Indian Railways. Jaipur has direct trains on the broad gauge network to cities like Agra, Delhi, Mumbai, Howrah, Chennai, Mysore, Bangalore, Lucknow, Kanpur etc. across the country and to cities like Ajmer, Sawai Madhopur, Kota, Jodhpur, Bikaner, Udaipur within Rajasthan. Jaipur is connected with metre gauge rail route with Sri Ganganagar, Churu and Sirohi. Jaipur is also connected with major centres of neighbouring states such as Agra (Uttar Pradesh), Ahmedabad (Gujarat) and Delhi through the broad gauge network. |
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Air Transport Jaipur's Jaipur Airport (IATA: JAI, ICAO: VIJP) is situated in its satellite town of Sanganer and offers sporadic service to London, Dublin, Singapore and Dubai. Jaipur also has well connected domestic air links with Jodhpur, Udaipur, Aurangabad, Delhi, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Goa, Chennai, Ahmedabad, Indore, Bangalore, Mumbai, Surat and Raipur, . |
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Places to Visit | |
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Jantar Mantar attracts thousands of tourists every
year. Amer Fort. Jal Mahal at NightNahargarh Fort Amber Palace Jal Mahal Jantar Mantar Hawa Mahal Galtaji Govind Dev Ji temple City Palace Museum Moti Dungari (Ganesh Temple) Kanak Ghati Albert Museum in Ramniwas Bagh Jawahar Circle Central Park Birla Temple |
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Export items Brass and lacquer work, enamel work, gems and jewelery, granite tiles, handloom, marble statues, printed cloth and textiles, readymade garments, woolen and silk carpets. |
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Demographics As of 2001 India census,[4] Jaipur had a population of 2,324,319. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. In Jaipur, 15% of the population is under 6 years of age. |
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